Pergamum

For a bried, shining moment the city of pergamum set out to rival Athens in splendour and artistic prominence; the world's mpst famous architects, sculptors and intellectuals gethered there, and its llibrary is said to have contained 20,000 volumes, From 281 to 133 BCE, five generations of the Attalid dynasty ruled western Anotolia as far south as the Mediterranean coast from Pergamumi but when King Attalus III died it was discovered that, uniquely in history, he had willed his kingdom to Rome.